Info about Trauma and Addiction

Started by Kizzie, August 14, 2018, 05:42:52 PM

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Kizzie

Here's a good article on the link between addictions & trauma

A long time coming!  :applause:  Hopefully this change in attitude and approach will help to alleviate the pain, shame and stigma of addiction to some degree.  :yes:


Kizzie

A really good video by Gabor Mate about trauma & addictions - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-K2JTTdcmY.

Knowunknown

I appreciate both of those pieces and those views are becoming so much more prevalent.  In my mind, the difficulty, especially with regard to the 1st article posted (not Gabor), is that the shear number of parents who themselves are addicted, either procedurally or, as just as commonly/comorbidly, chemically see the position they're in.  Do as I say, not as I do.  I cannot teach you to cope, unless I have learned to cope.  Isn't this part of the problem for us with C-PTSD?  Emotional neglect is bound to occur if a parent is neglecting their own emotions and therefore cannot regulate themselves.  So child/adolescent is stuck in a tough "projection"; he/she is basically attempting to do Ancestral Healing for one of maybe six or seven generations.  Enviable if one is consciously and willingly taking on this tremendous task; so unfair and the source of great pain if projected onto one by others.  C-PTSD might as well subsume addiction, and certainly-so if we include pharmaceuticals that potentiate more than just a placebo withdrawal upon discontinuation.  As if THAT withdrawal isn't enough (can't even factor it sufficiently, I think)f  Thanks for the topic and reading my rant.  I just find this situation....unreal, and very frustrating! ???

Kizzie

An interesting (academic) article about the use of MDMA for trauma & addiction:

Sessa, B. (2017). Why MDMA therapy for alcohol use disorder? And why now? Neuropharmacology, 142

Kizzie

Two links about the link between addiction and trauma from a post by sj about his experience with drinking:

Aces Connection - https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/stop-treating-solutions-like-problems-an-ace-s-informed-approach-to-substance-abuse-treatment

Johann Hari TED talk - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PY9DcIMGxMs

Tks for these sj!  :thumbup:

Ayisha

Hi Kizzie
Great video by Gabor Mate... very informative. I am a living example of what he explains.
Ishy

Kizzie

Glad it resonated Ayisha.   :hug:

I received his book "In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts" from my son for Christmas. I haven't started reading it yet but am looking forward to hearing what he writes.  I know it will be compassionate and reasoned and that's wonderful after alcohol abuse has been forever treated as weakness of character and/or a stand alone problem.  Progress  :thumbup:

johnram

I have read a few of the books by Gabor Mate, and they are well written, empathic, and really resonated with me and my feelings

recommend them to anyone with addiction assocuated with their trauma

just wish the rest of the world would understand rather than label and disconnect from these people

Kizzie


Kizzie

Do you use drugs and alcohol to manage your emotions? by Robyn E. Brickel, MA, LMFT, 2016.

Here's a short excerpt:

You can't treat addiction without treating trauma. There is always a reason someone is using drugs or alcohol and a pattern of addiction has taken hold. Often times, this reason can be a perceived trauma in the person's life. While trauma is in the eye of the perceiver and can be different for everyone—it's crucial that we treat addiction through a trauma-informed lens.


Kizzie

Academic research into relational trauma and addiction:

Dube, S. Andaa, R., Felittib, V., Edwards, V., & Croft, J. (2002). Adverse Childhood Experiences and personal alcohol abuse as an adult. Addictive Behaviors, 27(5), 713-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(01)00204-0

Ford, J., & Smith, A. (2009). Complex posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults receiving public sector outpatient substance abuse disorder treatment. Addiction Research & Theory, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350701615078

Jung, J., Rosoff, D., Muench, C., Luo, A., Longley, M., Lee, J., Charlet, K., & Lohoff, F. (2020). Adverse Childhood Experiences are associated with high-intensity binge drinking behavior in adulthood and mediated by psychiatric disorders. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 55(2), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agz098

Konkolÿ Thege, B., Horwood, L., Slater, L., Tan, M., Hodgins, D., & Wild, T. (2017). Relationship between interpersonal trauma exposure and addictive behaviors: A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 164. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1323-1

Lee, R., & Chen, J. (2017). Adverse Childhood Experiences, mental health, and excessive alcohol use: Examination of race/ethnicity and sex differences. Child Abuse & Neglect, 69, 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.004

Lotzin, A., Haupt, L., von Schönfels, J., Wingenfeld, K., & Schäfer, I. (2016). Profiles of cChildhood trauma in patients with alcohol dependence and their associations with addiction-related problems. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 40(3), 543–552. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12990

Makhija, N., & Sher, L. (2007). Childhood abuse, adult alcohol use disorders and suicidal behaviour. QJM: Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians, 100(5), 305–309. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcm024

Maté, G. (2012). Addiction: Childhood trauma, stress and the biology of addiction. Journal of Restorative Medicine, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.14200/jrm.2012.1.1005

Rehkopf, D., Headen, I., Hubbard, A., Deardorff, J., Kesavan, Y., Cohen, A., Patil, D., Ritchie, L., & Abrams, B. (2016). Adverse childhood experiences and later life adult obesity and smoking in the United States. Annals of Epidemiology, 26(7), 488–492.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.06.003

Schwandt, M., Heilig, M., Hommer, D., George, D., & Ramchandani, V. (2013). Childhood trauma exposure and alcohol dependence severity in adulthood: Mediation by emotional abuse severity and neuroticism. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(6), 984–992. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12053

Strine, T. et al. (2012). Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences, psychological distress, and adult alcohol problems, American Journal of Health Behavior, 36(3), 408-423. https://doi:10.5993/AJHB.36.3.11     

Tilson E. C. (2018). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): An important element of a comprehensive approach to the opioid crisis. North Carolina Medical Journal, 79(3), 166–169. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.79.3.166

van den Berk-Clark, C., & Patterson Silver Wolf, D. (2017). Mental health help seeking among traumatized individuals: A systematic review of studies assessing the role of substance use and abuse. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 18(1), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838015596344

Sachs-Ericsson, N., Rushing, N., Stanley, I., & Sheffler, J. (2016). In my end is my beginning: Developmental trajectories of adverse childhood experiences to late-life suicide. Aging & Mental Health, 20(2), 139–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1063107

Serafini, G., Canepa, G., Adavastro, G., Nebbia, J., Belvederi Murri, M., Erbuto, D., Pocai, B., Fiorillo, A., Pompili, M., Flouri, E., & Amore, M. (2017). The relationship between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8, 149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00149

Shields, M., Hovdestad, W., Pelletier, C., Dykxhoorn, J., O'Donnell, S., & Tonmyr, L. (2016). Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for diabetes: Findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 879. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3491-1

Stein, D., Chiu, W., Hwang, I., Kessler, R., Sampson, N., Alonso, J., Borges, G., Bromet, E., Bruffaerts, R., de Girolamo, G., Florescu, S., Gureje, O., He, Y., Kovess-Masfety, V., Levinson, D., Matschinger, H., Mneimneh, Z., Nakamura, Y., Ormel, J., Posada-Villa, J., ... Nock, M. (2010). Cross-national analysis of the associations between traumatic events and suicidal behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. PloS one, 5(5), e10574. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010574

Thompson, M., Kingree, J., & Lamis, D. (2019). Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences and suicidal behaviors in adulthood in a U.S. nationally representative sample. Child: Care, Health and Development, 45(1), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12617

Wan, Y., Chen, R., Ma, S., McFeeters, D., Sun, Y., Hao, J., & Tao, F. (2019). Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences and social support with self-injurious behaviour and suicidality in adolescents. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science, 214(3), 146–152. Https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.263

Kizzie


Kizzie

Another great video by Gabor Mate about trauma and addiction - https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=BVg2bfqblGI. He gets it!   :thumbup:   :applause: 

Kizzie

Just reading Gabor Mate's book "In the realm of Hungry Ghosts" and loved this, something he said to one of his patients:

What you said about hating yourself and feeling sorry for yourself.  What if you were to replace your harsh judgements with some genuine curiosity about why you do what you do? What if you use drugs because you're afraid that you can't bear the pain without them? You have every reason to feel hurt after all you've been through.  It's not a matter of [messing] up, you just haven't found any other way to cope.

A little later in the chapter he goes on to describe this more compassionate approach:

Taking off the uniform of the interrogator who is determined to try, convict, and punish, we adopt towards ourselves the attitude of the empathetic friend, who simply wants to know what's going on with us. The acronym COAL has been proposed for this attitude of compassionate curiosity: curiosity, openness, acceptance and love: "Hmmm, I wonder what drove me to do this again?"

:thumbup:


Mandox

Thank you for this information and the links.  A huge congratulations to those who have decided to give up alcohol or drugs and have achieved their goals.  I'm also an ACOAs and struggling with my own inherited and developed behaviours around alcohol, luckily not in a drug environment anymore, so have stopped that more easily, although I have wracked up a good few years of drug abuse.  The COAL approach is a really helpful way of looking at things.  I've recently had a crisis FB situation and am in the fallout from an anger episode.  I am feeling the need for numbing.  It's a tricky one with the guilt, when you feel like a drink will ease some pain, but somewhere you know it's probably not helping.  I find it really difficult identify when FBs are happening if I've had a drink.  As I come from an alcoholic family, it is of course also a trigger.  I no it's a no no, but feel like I need it at the moment.  But, then I feel like I'm just saying that because I don't want to give up my addiction, it's too hard.